1.2. Philippe III d'Espagne (14 avril 1578 à Madrid, 31 mars 1621 à Madrid) fut roi d'Espagne, roi de Portugal et d'Algarves (Philippe II de Portugal) de 1598 à sa mort. Spain Under the Habsburgs: vol 2 Spain and America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. On his accession, Philip inherited two major conflicts from his father. Ses trois frères aînés sont morts durant l'enfance, sa mère meurt en 1580 en donnant naissance à son cinquième enfant, une petite fille morte à l'âge de deux ans. Compromis dans différentes affaires, le duc de Lerma est renvoyé en 1618 et remplacé par son fils, le duc d'Uceda, mais celui-ci n'a pas le temps de réformer l'État car le roi meurt dès 1621. In the Netherlands, his father Philip II had bequeathed his remaining territories in the Low Countries to his daughter Isabella of Spain and her husband, Archduke Albert, under the condition that if she died without heirs, the province would return to the Spanish Crown. The supply of cheap labour and the number of rent paying property owners in these areas decreased considerably, as did agricultural outputs. With the death of Henry IV of France – a supporter of the war against Spain – a period of instability commenced in the Kingdom of France. [16] To his contemporaries, the degree of personal oversight he exercised was excessive; his 'self-imposed role as the chief clerk to the Spanish empire'[17] was not thought entirely appropriate. [84] Philip's use of Lerma as his valido has formed one of the key historical and contemporary criticisms against him; recent work[85] has perhaps begun to present a more nuanced picture of the relationship and the institution that survived for the next forty years in Spanish royal government. By now in poor health himself, King Philip II was becoming increasingly concerned over the prince's future, and he attempted to establish de Moura as a future, trusted advisor to his son, reinforcing de Loaysa's position by appointing him archbishop. Philip's initial aim was to achieve a decisive 'great victory'[64] in the long running war against the rebellious Dutch provinces of the Spanish Netherlands, whilst placing renewed pressure on the English government of Queen Elizabeth I in an effort to terminate English support for their Dutch colleagues. [55] Philip III received no money from the cortes, or parliaments, of Aragon, the Basque provinces or Portugal; Valencia only provided one contribution, in 1604. [37] France, assumed bound to support Frederick against Ferdinand, was in fact inclined to remain neutral. Les validos se succèdent au détriment du royaume et du crédit du roi. Philip's own foreign policy can be divided into three phases. Philip III's approach to government appears to have stemmed from three main drivers. letzter habsburgischer König von Portugal. Le roi délègue son autorité et l'exercice du pouvoir à son favori. Philip III (Spanish: Felipe; 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. September 1665 in Madrid) war König von Spanien, Neapel und Sizilien und als Philipp III. Ils eurent huit enfants : Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. [9] They were successful, for example, in convincing Philip to provide financial support to Ferdinand from 1600 onwards. X Close. In conjunction with the Spanish ambassador to Venice, the influential Marquis of Bedmar, Osuna pursued a policy of raising an extensive army, intercepting Venetian shipping and imposing sufficiently high taxes that threats of a revolt began to emerge. Isabelle Claire Eugénie d'AUTRICHE (born d'ESPAGNE) was born on month day 1566, at birth place, to Philippe II Roi d'ESPAGNE and Elisabeth Reine d'ESPAGNE (born de FRANCE). [64] In the Netherlands, a new war strategy resulted in a re-establishment of Spanish power on the north side of the great rivers Meuse and Rhine, stepping up the military pressure on the rebel provinces. [83] Unlike Philip IV, whose reputation has improved significantly in the light of recent analysis, Philip III's reign has been relatively unstudied, possibly because of the negative interpretation given to the role of Philip and Lerma during the period. Like many Habsburgs, Philip III was the product of extensive inbreeding. [21] Lerma, in due course declared a duke, positioned himself as the gateway to the king. [78], These policies were not without criticism. Durant son règne, Philippe III crée vingt marquis et vingt-cinq comtes[1]. Español: Felipe III de España, llamado «el Piadoso» (Madrid, 14 de abril de 1578-ibídem, 31 de marzo de 1621), fue rey de España y de Portugal desde el 13 de septiembre de 1598 hasta su muerte. Ce dernier, victime de ses intrigues (ou de ses détracteurs) est démis et enfermé dans une forteresse. Le quatrième roi Philippe, dernier roi d’Espagne Habsbourg ayant eu une descendance est 40 fois l’ancêtre de Philippe VI par sa fille, épouse de Louis XIV. Ils eurent : - Philippe IV, roi d'Espagne ; - Anne, qui épousa Louis XIII, roi de France ; The monopoly of power in the hands of the Lerma's Sandoval family had generated numerous enemies; Lerma's personal enrichment in office had become a scandal; Lerma's extravagant spending and personal debts was beginning to alarm his own son, Cristóbal de Sandoval, Duke of Uceda; lastly, ten years of quiet diplomacy by Fathers Luis de Aliaga, Philip's confessor, and Juan de Santa Maria, Philip's daughter's confessor and a former client of Queen Margaret,[13] had begun to apply personal and religious pressure on the king to alter his method of government. His father, Philip II, a product of marriage between first cousins, married his niece, Anna of Austria, herself the product of a cousin couple. Father Juan de Santa Maria – confessor to Philip's daughter, doña Maria, was felt by contemporaries to have an excessive influence over Philip at the end of his life,[13] and both he and Luis de Aliaga, Philip's own confessor, were credited with influencing the overthrow of Lerma in 1618. (1578-1621), king of Spain, son of Philip II. Ainsi, durant le règne de Philippe III, deux validos se succèdent : L'Espagne s'enfonce dans une crise économique due à l'épuisement des métaux précieux en provenance d'Amérique et des guerres coûteuses. Il est le fils du roi Philippe II d'Espagne (1527-1598) et de sa quatrième épouse Anne d'Autriche (1549-1580). [15] Philip II had taken the traditional system of councils and applied a high degree of personal scrutiny to them, especially in matters of paperwork, which he declined to delegate – the result was a 'ponderous' process. Il n’a hérité de son Wikidata: Q29 Lire la suite. Marguerite de Styrie avait donné à Philippe III huit enfants, dont Anne d'Autriche et Philippe … Charles passed away on month day 1632, at age 25. [3] They were joined by Cristóbal de Moura, a close supporter of Philip II. Il porta également les titres … [23] The degree to which Lerma himself played an active role in government has been disputed. Philip paternalistically decreed that Morisco children under the age of seven could not be taken to Islamic countries, but that any children remaining in Valencia should be free from the threat of enslavement,[49] and rejected some of Ribera's more extreme suggestions.[50]. [40] Philip remained close to Lerma, however, and supported him in becoming a cardinal in March 1618 under Pope Paul V, a position which would offer Lerma some protection as his government collapsed. The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America (pp. Philip III in turn married his first cousin once removed, Margaret of Austria. [47] In the final years of his rule, Philip's father had reinvigorated efforts to convert and assimilate the Moriscos, but with almost 200,000 in the south of Spain alone, it was clear by the early years of the new century that this policy was failing. [60] These different voices focused heavily on the political economy of Spain – the rural depopulation, the diverse and bureaucratic administrative methods, the social hierarchies and corruption, offering numerous, if often contradictory, solutions. All the business of government, Philip instructed, was to arrive in writing and be channeled through Lerma before reaching him. Philip had an 'affectionate, close relationship' with Margaret,[12] and paid her additional attention after she bore him a son in 1605. Firstly, he was heavily influenced by the eirenic ideas being circulated in Italian circles in reaction to the new Humanist theories of governance, typified by Machiavelli. In combination, Philip believed, they would provide a consistent, stable upbringing for Prince Philip, and ensure he avoided the same fate as Carlos. [33] Meanwhile, the Italian-born Ambrosio Spinola was to perform a crucial role as a Spanish general in the Army of Flanders. Charles III est 22 fois l’ascendant de Philippe VI. Philip VI (French: Philippe; c. 1293 – 22 August 1350), called the Fortunate (French: le Fortuné) and of Valois, was the first King of France from the House of Valois.He reigned from 1328 until his death. Philippe II, né le 21 mai 1527 à Valladolid et mort le 13 septembre 1598 au palais de l'Escurial, fils aîné de Charles Quint et d'Isabelle de Portugal, est roi d'Espagne, de Naples et de Sicile, archiduc d'Autriche, duc de Milan et prince souverain des Pays-Bas de l'abdication de son père en 1555 à sa mort. [8] The following year, Philip II died after a painful illness, leaving the Spanish Empire to his son (and grandnephew), King Philip III. [28] Before long, the apparatus of the Spanish government was packed with Lerma's relatives, Lerma's servants and Lerma's political friends, to the exclusion of others. . Le roi mourut de déshydratation. Philippe was born on 21 September 1640 at the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye in the town of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France, the day before his mother Anne’s 39th birthday. Prince Philip had been rejected as unacceptable to the German nobility. The Spanish armada, or navy, rebuilt in the 1590s, remained effective against the English,[65] but after the failure of the Spanish invasion of Ireland, leading to the defeat at the Battle of Kinsale, Philip reluctantly accepted that further attacks on England were unlikely to succeed. Lettre du roy d'Espagne [Philippe III] envoyée à M. le Prince de Condé. La mort du roi révèle l'imbroglio du cérémonial de la cour espagnole. Fils de Philippe II et de sa nièce Anne d'Autriche, il est roi d'Espagne, de Naples, de Sicile et de Portugal de 1598 à sa mort. [30] After 1609, when it became evident that Spain was financially exhausted and Philip sought a truce with the Dutch, there followed a period of retrenchment; in the background, tensions continued to grow, however, and by 1618 the policies of Philip's 'proconsols' – men like Spinola, Fuentes, Villafranca, Osuna and Bedmar – were increasingly at odds with de Lerma's policy from Madrid. Famine struck during the 1590s through a sequence of bad harvests, whilst from 1599 to 1600 and for several years afterwards there was a terrible outbreak of bubonic plague across Spain, killing over 10% of the population. Philippe VI Pour les articles homonymes, voir Philippe VI et Philippe de Bourbon . Lerma departed for his ducal seat, and for six weeks Philip did nothing; then, in October, Philip signed a decree renouncing the powers of his former valido, and announcing that he would rule in person. English: Philip IV (April 8, 1605 in Valladolid - September 17, 1665 in Madrid) was king of Spain, and king of Portugal as Philip III. Philippe III (ou Felipe III en espagnol) est un prince espagnol de la maison de Habsbourg né le 14 avril 1578 à Madrid et mort le 31 mars 1621 dans la même ville. Philippe III.- Roi d'Espagne, fils de Philippe II, né en 1578, régna de 1598 à 1621. 127-128). [62] Only in Philip's final years did reform begin to gain momentum; a reform committee, or Junta de Reformación, was established in Lerma's final months in 1618. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 19 octobre 2020 à 16:45. [Paul C Allen] -- "This book examines the strategies that led King Philip III to extend the laurel branch to his foes. [13], The Spanish crown at the time ruled through a system of royal councils. Philip III (Spanish: Felipe; 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. Get this from a library! At least with peace in Europe, the Twelve Year's truce gave Philip's regime an opportunity to begin to recover its financial position. This page was last edited on 17 December 2020, at 22:28. Philippe III était le fils de Philippe II, roi d'Espagne, et d'Anne, archiduchesse d'Autriche. To secure the connection between Milan and the Netherlands a new route was opened through Valtellina, then part of the independent state of the Three Leagues (the present day canton of Graubünden, Switzerland), and in 1618 the plot of Venice occurred in which the authorities engaged in the persecution of pro-Spanish agents. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished in 1919. Similarly Mariana de San Jose, a favoured nun of Queen Margaret's, was also criticised for her later influence over the King's actions. The result was a radical shift in the role of the crown in government from the model of Philip II. One of Philip's first domestic changes was the issuing of a decree in 1609 for the expulsion of the Moriscos from Spain, timed to coincide with the declaration of a truce in the war for the Netherlands. The second, the Anglo–Spanish War was a newer, and less critical conflict with Protestant England, marked by a Spanish failure to successfully bring its huge military resources to bear on the smaller English military. Maestre de campo and corregidor of Concepción Santiago de Tesillo claimed the Defensive War gave the Mapuche a much needed respite to replenish their forces that should have been denied. Philippe III, enfant, avec son frère aîné Don Diego, prince des Asturies : ICI. Available Exact wording Only in the title. Elliott. [12], Margaret, alongside Philip's grandmother/aunt, Empress Maria – the Austrian representative to the Spanish court – and Margaret of the Cross, Maria's daughter – formed a powerful, uncompromising Catholic and pro-Austrian voice within Philip's life. Alphonse Maurice (22 septembre 1611 – 16 septembre 1612). Charles D AUTRICHE was born in 1607, at birth place, to Philippe III D ESPAGNE and Marguerite D ESPAGNE (born D AUTRICHE STYRIE). In the 1604 Treaty of London, Philip was styled "Philip the Third, by the grace of God, king of Castile, Leon, Aragon and the Two Sicilies, Jerusalem, Portugal, Navarre, Granada, Toledo, Valencia, Galicia, the Majorcas, Seville, Cordoba, Corsica, Murcia, Guinea, Algarve, Gibraltar, the Canary Islands, also of the Eastern and Western Indies, and the islands and terra firma of the Ocean Sea, archduke of Austria, duke of Burgundy and Milan, count of Habsburg, Barcelona, and Biscay, and lord of Molina, etc." En tant que roi d'Espagne, il est à la tête des possessions espagnoles extra-européennes, principalement en Amérique, qui lui assurent des ressources considérables. [76][77] To diminish hostilities Valdivia proposed a Defensive War in a letter to Philip. PHILIPPE III (1578 1621) roi d’Espagne (1598 1621) Né à Madrid, capitale du royaume d’Espagne depuis quelques années seulement, Philippe III est le fils de Philippe II et de la quatrième épouse de ce dernier, Anne d’Autriche. Fiche détaillée de la pièce 2 maravedis Philippe III, Espagne, avec photos et gestion de votre collection et des échanges : tirages, descriptions, métal, poids, valeur et autres infos numismatiques As the son of a ruling king, the infant Philippe held the rank of a Fils de France (son of France). Numismeo 1373) > The result was a decisive Spanish victory in the Holy Roman Empire that would lead to a recommencement of the war with the Dutch shortly after Philip's death. Il est le fils du roi Philippe II d'Espagne (1527-1598) et de sa quatrième épouse Anne d'Autriche (1549-1580). Il succède à son père, dont il est le seul fils survivant, en 1598. [23] Debates in royal councils would now only begin upon the written instruction of the king – again, through Lerma. Philip III's reign was marked by significant economic problems across Spain. Financially, Philip's situation did not appear much better. Fiche détaillée de la pièce 2 escudos Philippe III, Espagne, avec photos et gestion de votre collection et des échanges : tirages, descriptions, métal, poids, valeur et autres infos numismatiques Account; Cart The Duke of Osuna, who had married into the Sandovel family as a close ally of Lerma, again showed significant independence as the Viceroy of Naples towards the end of Philip's reign. [56] By the financial crisis of 1607, the cortes had even insisted that it be recalled every three years, and that Philip take an oath – on pain of excommunication – to promise that he had spent the royal funds in line with the promises made previously to the cortes. Sommaire 1 Biographie [83] Traditionally, the decline of Spain has been placed from the 1590s onwards; revisionist historians from the 1960s, however, presented an alternative analysis, arguing that in many ways Philip III's Spain of 1621 – reinforced with new territories in Alsace, at peace with France, dominant in the Holy Roman Empire, and about to begin a successful campaign against the Dutch – was in a much stronger position than in 1598, despite the poor personal performance of her king during the period. De Lerma's role as royal favourite at court was further complicated by the rise of various 'proconsuls' under Philip III's reign – significant Spanish representatives overseas, who came to exercise independent judgement and even independent policies in the absence of strong leadership from the centre. (fr) Filips III (Madrid, 14 april 1578 - aldaar, 31 maart 1621) was van 1598 tot 1621 koning van Spanje, Napels, Sicilië en (als Filips II) van Portugal. Fils de Philippe II et de sa nièce Anne d'Autriche, il est roi d'Espagne, de Naples, de Sicile et de Portugal (« Philippe II ») de 1598 à sa mort. [31] The challenges to government communication during the period encouraged aspects of this, but the phenomenon was much more marked under Philip III than under either the reign of his father or son. [6] Lerma and Philip became close friends, but Lerma was considered unsuitable by the King and Philip's tutors. Delivery: 9 - 12 days. L'espagne Sous Charles-quint, Philippe Ii Et Philippe Iii: Ou Les Osmanlis Et La Monarchie Espagnole Pendant Les Xvie Et Xviie Siècles... (French Edition) [Ranke, Leopold von, Haiber] on Amazon.com. Vérifiez les traductions 'Philippe III d’Espagne' en espagnol. Arte y saber : la cultura en tiempos de Felipe III y Felipe IV : 15 abril-27 junio 1999, Museo Nacional de Escultura, Palacio de Villena, Valladolid. [46], The idea of completely cleansing Spain of the Moriscos was proposed by Juan de Ribera, the Archbishop and Viceroy of Valencia, whose views were influential with Philip III.